COPR Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) Practice Exam

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• Which posture is commonly observed in COPD patients presenting with dyspnea?
• A patient opens eyes to voice, is oriented verbally, and obeys commands. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• In airway management for an unconscious patient with potential obstruction, which step follows suctioning if needed?
• During a log-roll with suspected spinal injury, why is it important to keep the neck aligned and move as a unit?
• Which best practice for pelvic binding?
• In the primary survey, what does the 'D' (Disability) refer to?
• Which elements are included in scene size-up?
• Differentiate between an abrasion and a laceration.
• Implied consent is when care is provided because the patient would likely consent if able.
• What is the primary purpose of the secondary survey in trauma care?
• A patient opens eyes to voice, speaks in inappropriate words, and withdraws from pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• Appropriate use of warning devices in the ambulance should be based on what?
• A patient is lying on his back with the body elevated at an angle of less than 45 degrees. This position is called:
• If there are no signs of breathing or circulation after delivering two one-second ventilations, what is the next step?
• You are called to a patient known to be epileptic who is experiencing a seizure. In which case would you escalate a patient to the rapid transport category?
• What is the purpose of personal protective equipment (PPE) in scene safety?
• Which of the following is NOT included in the primary assessment?
• When applying roller gauze to an extremity, in which direction should you wrap?
• The Glasgow Coma Scale is used to determine a patient’s level of responsiveness and is considered a good indicator of outcome in head trauma. True or False?
• Bacterial infections include:
• Stay at least ____ meters back from downed power lines.
• What is the primary purpose of documenting patient history and interventions in the EMR for handoffs?
• Which environmental emergencies are commonly encountered by EMR crews?
• Which statement correctly describes the Canadian C-Spine Rule?
• What is an essential consideration when treating pediatric patients?
• Duties of a professional responder include:
• What red flags in head injury require immediate transport?
• Which statement best describes the secondary survey's role in trauma care?
• If there is no observed open wound or pneumothorax in a chest trauma case, what is the recommended dressing?
• Which statement correctly describes Hepatitis B and Influenza?
• Which of the following is NOT part of the scene size-up?
• What is the purpose of providing breaths during CPR with a bag-valve mask, and what rate should be used?
• Which of the following is not a component of good documentation?
• A patient opens eyes spontaneously, is oriented verbally, and follows commands. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• Which symptom indicates airway involvement in anaphylaxis?
• Which bone is proximal to the elbow?
• Which statement about ambulance warning devices is correct?
• What is the general approach to suspected internal bleeding with signs of shock?
• A patient has blunt chest trauma with dyspnea and signs of shock; likely hemothorax. What is the treatment?
• Repeaters are devices that receive a high-power radio transmission and rebroadcast it with decreasing power.
• When is epinephrine administration appropriate for EMRs in suspected anaphylaxis?
• The main purpose of CPR is to
• How should you perform a log-roll in a patient with suspected spinal injury?
• In the ABCDE primary survey, what does the 'E' component stand for?
• When is it appropriate to apply a tourniquet in the field?
• Which element is essential to include when documenting the scene in a patient care report?
• If a spinal injury is suspected, what is the correct approach to moving or repositioning the patient?
• What is the general order of bleeding control in the field?
• A patient opens eyes spontaneously, speaks in inappropriate words, and obeys commands. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• Which burn is considered a critical burn?
• Which statement about primary responsibilities is correct?
• How should you assist an end-user in a pediatric airway assessment?
• Where are the typical adult defibrillator pads placed for an AED shock?
• What is a best practice at a crime scene?
• Why should you avoid inducing vomiting in suspected poisoning?
• Before all else you must
• How should you manage a suspected hypoglycemic emergency when IV access is unavailable?
• Which action is recommended when signs suggest possible internal bleeding from abdominal trauma?
• Which device generally delivers the highest FiO2 outside of advanced airway management?
• A patient opens eyes to voice, verbal is confused, and motor localizes pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• How should an EMR respond to a patient with suspected anaphylaxis?
• In the ABCDE primary survey, what does the 'D' component stand for?
• What is the value of a post-event debrief, and what should it include?
• A patient who is not competent or has an altered mental state can legally refuse care.
• Which actions are included in the secondary survey around the torso and pelvis?
• What is the standard adult CPR compression-to-ventilation ratio when using an AED?
• What is the correct sequence for responding to a potential hazardous materials exposure?
• How should you respond to a pediatric patient with suspected poisoning or overdose?
• How is hypoglycemia managed in a conscious patient in the field?
• What are essential steps to control external bleeding that direct pressure alone cannot stop?
• A patient opens eyes spontaneously, makes incomprehensible sounds, and extends to painful stimuli. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• What are common issues with EMR equipment and how should you check for them?
• Pulse 110, Respirations 20, and blood pressure 90/50 are considered average vital signs for which age group?
• What signs suggest a chest injury may require rapid transport?
• If the oxygen lasts about 19.2 minutes at 15 LPM, and a trip lasts 30 minutes, when would the oxygen run out?
• Which signs suggest diabetic hyperglycemia or DKA in the prehospital setting?
• The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) provides an indication of which of the following?
• In a suspected stroke, how should time be managed?
• How should you assist a patient with an inhaler during an acute asthma or COPD episode?
• In upper left quadrant blunt trauma with suspected splenic injury, what is the initial management step?
• A patient with tachycardia, hypertension, warm skin, dilated pupils and diaphoresis most likely intoxicated with which type of drug?
• What should be included in a basic patient care report (PCR)?
• Which of the following is a contraindication to nitroglycerin use?
• When should you use the jaw-thrust maneuver instead of the head-tilt-chin-lift?
• A 29-year-old female collapses at work with severe abdominal pain and signs of shock (absent radial pulse, rapid carotid pulse, rapid shallow respirations, hypotension). Which management is best?
• What signs in abdominal trauma warrant urgent transport?
• What is the purpose of the Canadian C-Spine Rule?
• Which elements should be included in handoff documentation to the receiving hospital?
• How do time stamps contribute to EMS documentation and patient care?
• If a patient with altered mental state refuses care after consent steps, what is the best action?
• When would you use a nasal cannula?
• A patient presenting with tachycardia, tachypnea, increasing blood pressure, warm skin, dilated pupils and diaphoresis is most consistent with the use of which substance?
• How often should you reassess a patient and what triggers reassessment?
• Which oxygen delivery device provides the highest concentration of oxygen in a non-invasive manner?
• The majority of strokes are the result of:
• In a rapid trauma assessment for a responsive patient, what sequence is followed?
• In the OPQRST pain assessment mnemonic, what does the letter P stand for?
• Which component of SAMPLE history stands for 'Last oral intake'?
• Which of the following are components of the FAST stroke assessment?
• Which of the following burns would be considered a critical burn?
• Which statement about mobile and portable radios is correct?
• In pediatric patients, what anatomical difference most contributes to airway obstruction risk?
• If a patient has a pulse but is not breathing, what is the recommended rescue breath rate for an adult?
• Which statement about arteries is true?
• What is the role of an EMR in a typical medical response without administering medications?
• The SAMPLE history mnemonic is used to gather information. What does each letter stand for?
• What is the first action you should take for a patient with heat-related illness in the field?
• Which signs might indicate a rib fracture with possible pneumothorax?
• After applying a tourniquet for life-threatening bleeding, what should you monitor?
• A patient shows eye opening to none, verbal incomprehensible sounds, and localizes pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• What are key considerations when assessing a child or infant in an emergency?
• When should you escalate care to advanced airway management beyond the EMR scope?
• In the trauma patient described, which sign indicates hypoperfusion?
• During scene size-up, what PPE-related action should you take?
• Which statement best describes engineering controls?
• A bystander tied a sling too loosely; what should you do?
• What does FAST stand for in stroke assessment?
• What proportion of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes) are ischemic?
• When documenting transport decisions in a patient care report, which elements should be recorded?
• A tension pneumothorax occurs when:
• Which symptom indicates you should handle a hypothermia patient gently and avoid rough movements?
• In the ABCDE primary survey, what does the 'C' component stand for?
• Which of the following is a key component of scene size-up a COPR EMR should perform before approaching a patient?
• If a patient refuses treatment, which steps should the EMR take?
• What is the correct sequence for immobilizing a patient with suspected spinal injury during transport?
• How do pediatric patients typically present in shock compared to adults?
• In the field, the AVPU scale is used to assess consciousness. What are the four categories it uses?
• Which sign is most reliable as an early indicator of shock in children?
• Which action is not recommended during a generalized seizure?
• How does EMR scope compare to EMT and paramedic?
• Before approaching a hazardous materials scene, what is the essential action for EMS responders?
• A patient opens eyes to pain, makes incomprehensible sounds, and withdraws from pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• How should you manage a patient having a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?
• How often should you reassess a patient during CPR and after defibrillation?
• In START triage, which category corresponds to patients who require immediate life-saving interventions?
• A contraindication to nitroglycerin includes which of the following?
• When red flags are identified during the breathing assessment, what is the appropriate action?
• Why is debriefing and self-care important after high-stress calls?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the four factors required for infection?
• What does the secondary survey entail in trauma care?
• A patient is experiencing dyspnea and is in tripod position. Which body system is most affected in this emergency?
• In a mass casualty incident, which color tag indicates immediate priority?
• Which duty best describes the role of a professional responder in relation to the patient?
• An older patient presents with shortness of breath, distended neck veins, and coarse rattling lung sounds while seated upright and leaning forward. Which condition is most likely?
• How do you perform manual airway clearance and choking relief in an alert adult?
• You should most suspect a spinal injury in which situation?
• Which of the following signs indicates a life-threatening trauma requiring urgent transport?
• Which signs indicate chest pain requiring urgent transport?
• A patient shows no eye opening, no verbal response, and no motor response. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• What is the main purpose of using a backboard in suspected spinal injury?
• What does SAMPLE history stand for?
• What is the appropriate basic management step for a patient who is hypothermic and wet?
• What is the first priority at an emergency scene?
• Which action is not a recommended step in spine immobilization?
• When should you NOT stop giving assisted ventilations?
• Which statement about meningitis is true?
• A patient presents with slurred speech, dizziness, and confusion. Which assessments are important to perform to evaluate possible stroke and rule out other emergencies?
• Pain in the side, lower abdomen, or groin with nausea and blood in the urine is most consistent with which condition?
• You are on oxygen at 15 LPM using a D cylinder. With a 25-minute trip, will the tank last until arrival?
• What is the general approach to suspected poisoning or overdose when the route is unknown?
• Under 10 or over 30 breaths per minute indicates the need for assisted respirations. Which rate falls into this category?
• What is a common initial medication-related action for suspected acute coronary syndrome per many protocols?
• Which observation would most strongly suggest ingestion as the route of poisoning?
• Which action best aligns with the EMR’s focus on scene safety?
• What is the purpose of recording a detailed patient history and interventions in a COPR EMR chart?
• What is the primary purpose of the trauma secondary survey?
• A patient opens eyes to voice, has a confused verbal response, and localizes pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• When should vitals be reassessed after any intervention?
• How should you ensure ethical and professional behavior as an EMR in field operations?
• Which tools are used to assess a patient’s level of consciousness in the field?
• A patient opens eyes spontaneously, verbal response none, and motor abnormal flexion. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• What are the components of the OPQRST mnemonic used to assess pain?
• What should you document regarding capacity to consent in the EMR?
• Which of the following are early signs of compensated shock?
• In the FAST stroke assessment, what is the recommended action regarding time?
• What are typical signs of thoracic trauma requiring urgent transport?
• How is a suspected flail chest managed in the field?
• What are the primary purposes of recording in the COPR EMR chart?
• In START (COPR) triage, which category describes patients with minor injuries who can wait for treatment?
• Four elements of good documentation.
• What is the EMR's role in triage and coordinating care on the scene?
• Which color tag is used for a patient who is deceased or expected to die in a mass casualty scenario?
• Nitroglycerin spray is administered by which route?
• A patient opens eyes to pain, verbal oriented, and motor obeys commands. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• What special considerations should the EMR have when treating pediatric patients?
• In trauma assessment, what does DCAP-BTLS stand for?
• How can you quickly assess whether a patient’s airway is patent?
• What should be recorded when applying a tourniquet for external bleeding?
• What symptoms/criteria indicate the need for spinal immobilization in a trauma patient?
• In START triage, after assigning categories, what is the next step with patients?
• How should you handle a patient who refuses care or transport?
• When a patient is capable of decision-making, which sequence best describes obtaining and documenting consent?
• What is a key wound care step common to both abrasions and lacerations?
• In a typical medical response, what is a primary function of the EMR before any medications are administered?
• Which of the following is NOT a purpose of immobilizing an injury?
• Which statement about hydration during heat-related illness is correct?
• When spinal injury is suspected, what should you do with immobilization devices?
• Some indications that a child has epiglottis and not croup are:
• In the ABCDE primary survey, what does the letter A represent?
• When a patient is unresponsive, what type of consent is presumed?
• After a shock is advised by the AED, what should you do immediately?
• Which of the following scenarios indicate a need for supplemental oxygen in the field?
• Which is a sign of anaphylaxis in the field?
• In a primary survey, what do the letters ABC (plus D) represent?
• Which vital sign is not routinely collected in the field?
• Why is timely documentation of vital signs and interventions important?
• Under suspected anaphylaxis, epinephrine should be administered if authorized by protocol and trained.
• How should you approach suspected poisoning or overdose in the field?
• If spinal injury is suspected, what is the correct transport approach?
• What is the correct approach to immobilize the spine when spinal injury is suspected?
• How do the prefixes anti- and ante- differ?
• A patient opens eyes to pain, makes incomprehensible sounds, and shows abnormal flexion to pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• In two-rescuer CPR for a child, what is the correct compression depth, rate, and cycle?
• How is capillary blood glucose tested in the field?
• Which of the following is a common symptom of hypoglycemia?
• Which statement best describes how a patient care report should be documented?
• Which device generally delivers the highest FiO2 outside of advanced airway management?
• Distinguish heat stroke from heat exhaustion.
• A patient opens eyes spontaneously, verbal is confused, and motor extends to pain. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• Sharps containers are an example of which type of control?
• When managing an unconscious patient with a suspected airway obstruction, which sequence of actions is appropriate?
• When immobilizing a patient with suspected spinal injury, why is minimal movement emphasized?
• In the tetanus exposure scenario, which factor prevented infection?
• Which of the following statements about meningitis is true?
• A patient presents with burns around the mouth, unusual breath odor, increased saliva, abdominal cramps, and drowsiness. How did the poisoning most likely enter the body?
• Which practice most improves EMS handoffs between providers?
• Ischemic stroke versus hemorrhagic stroke: which statement correctly describes the two types?
• If you cannot identify a poisoning substance in the field, what is one of your primary actions?
• When should immobilization be considered for a patient with neck pain after significant trauma?
• What information should be included in an EMS handoff to the receiving facility?
• You may discuss private patient information with
• Which of the following is a red flag during the breathing assessment that indicates immediate intervention is needed?
• How should you apply a tourniquet for external limb bleeding?
• How does pediatric airway management differ from adults?
• Which statement is true about arteries?
• Which of the following are common environmental emergencies EMR may encounter?
• What is the recommended treatment approach for a patient with an acute asthma/COPD-like crisis in the field?
• The FAST exam is used to identify what?
• A patient opens eyes when you speak loudly, makes incomprehensible sounds, and withdraws from painful stimulation. What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score?
• When the abdomen is struck forcefully in the upper left quadrant, which organ behind the stomach can be easily damaged and cause life-threatening blood loss?